What Is the Role of a Prime Contractor on Worksites?

A prime contractor, also known as a general contractor, is one of the pivotal forces in the construction industry. Their primary responsibility is to ensure every project to which they’re appointed runs smoothly and meets the project owner’s expectations. Said trade professional is responsible for supervising the entirety of the project, from the initial design stage all the way to the finish line. During which stages of the project are they needed? How can you ensure quality, safety, and on-time project deliveries? What factors should you consider to choose the best prime contractor for the job at hand? Learn more about the ins and outs of this trade!

What Is the Role of a Prime Contractor?

Project Design and Planning

Before breaking ground, a whole lot is happening behind the scenes with construction project design and planning.

The appointed prime contractor, oftentimes an architect/prime contractor, is a key figure in setting up the project’s groundwork, implementing detailed specifications that will act as a roadmap from start to finish. Project specifications outline the technical, aesthetic, and functional requirements, ensuring that the project owner’s expectations and current regulations are met at every stage.

Before initiating anything on-site, the prime contractor will supervise the project’s preliminary design, which includes:

• Material selection

• Resource planning/scheduling

• Outline the measures needed to carry out the work properly

Said process involves close collaboration with other construction professionals to ensure the project is doable within the provided timeframe and allotted budget. The prime contractor can, with meticulous planning, ensure the project progresses seamlessly, limiting delays and overspending.

Work Supervision and Execution

The prime contractor plays a key role when it comes to coordinating and supervising the building process, ensuring that delays and every aspect of the outlined specifications are met. Also, their job involves making sure the selected subcontractors are qualified, skilled, and experienced, guaranteeing the job is executed correctly.

Teaming Up with the Project Owner

Part of the responsibility of a prime contractor is their role as the project owner's to-go person. They're responsible for providing regular project progress updates and respecting the deadlines and agreed-upon budget. They should anticipate the project owner’s concerns, ensuring that their expectations are truly in sync with the worksite’s real-time progression. 

Workplace Safety and Quality Control

Workplace safety is the prime contractor’s priority; they must ensure that all safety measures are implemented. The latter includes worker training and supplying adequate personal protective equipment, in line with the CNESST requirements (in Quebec). 

What Are the Duties and Responsibilities of a Prime Contractor?

Coordinate Preliminary Studies

With any construction project, the first step involves conducting preliminary studies to assess the project’s feasibility. The prime contractor will coordinate the studies, which can include soil analyses, environmental studies, and risk assessments. Said steps are crucial to sidestep potential complications during the construction process.

Draw Up Plans with Architects

The prime contractor will collaborate with architects and engineers to draw up detailed project blueprints. Not only should these plans meet the project owner’s functional and aesthetic needs, but also adhere to local standards and regulations. For example, in certain Canadian provinces, namely Quebec, builders must comply with the requirements established by the Régie du bâtiment du Québec (RBQ)—said organization regulates standards pertaining to the safety of activities, energy efficiency, and building sustainability. National Canadian standards, such as the National Building Code, are also taken into account to ensure that projects adhere to the best construction practices. 

Establish a Budget and Timeline

A core part of being a prime contractor consists of putting together a realistic budget and detailed project timeline. The cost of a residential construction project in Canada is likely to vary based on the specifications and material selection. A prime contractor must also plan for some leeway, both financially and time-wise, ensuring that the project stays within the set limits. 

Appoint Subcontractors

A prime contractor also plays an essential part in the subcontractor selection process, ensuring the candidates are qualified and experienced. This rigorous selection process guarantees that every aspect of the project is carried out by skilled professionals, thereby minimizing the risks of flaws or delays. For example, to renovate a heritage property, the prime contractor may choose to hire restoration professionals specializing in historical structures.

Carry Out Worksite Follow-Ups

Once the construction site is in full swing, the prime contractor is responsible for regularly checking in on the job progress. They will check that the work is being done according to the plans, safety standards are respected, and deadlines are met. This daily follow-up includes worksite visits and coordination meetings with concerned individuals. 

Manage Unforeseen Circumstances 

The construction industry is subject to plenty of unforeseen circumstances, such as unfavourable weather forecasts or material shortages. The prime contractor has to be proactive and quick on their feet, finding solutions to problems without compromising the project’s quality or timeline. 

Liaise with the Project Owner

The prime contractor is the primary point of contact between the worksite and the project owner, providing regular updates regarding the project’s progress. They must also anticipate and manage the project owner’s concerns, ensuring their expectations are truly in line with what’s actually going on, on-site.

Enforce Construction Regulations

The prime contractor is tasked with ensuring the job complies with current standards, such as ISO standards and local building regulations. This includes inspection supervision and quality control testing. For example, during the construction of a hospital, the prime contractor will ensure that the ventilation and electrical systems are in line with health and safety standards. 

Guarantee Workplace Safety

Workplace safety is paramount to any construction site. The prime contractor must ensure that all safety measures are implemented, including worker training and supplying personal protective equipment. During the construction of a bridge, this will include mandatory safety harnesses and helmets for all workers.

Project Handover

Once the project comes to an end, the prime contractor is tasked with organizing the handover, which is a crucial step during which the project owner will check whether everything was done according to their expectations and current industry standards. The handover process includes final testing and inspections to ensure that all installations are functioning correctly.

How to Find and Appoint a Prime/General Contractor

To choose the right prime contractor for the job, checking the candidate’s references, similar project experience, and capacity to handle unforeseen circumstances are paramount. Requesting detailed project proposals is also advisable, as well as ensuring the prime contractor has a good reputation when it comes to respecting deadlines and budgets. A prime contractor’s fee typically accounts for 8–12% of the project’s overall cost, albeit can vary depending on the project’s scale and complexity.

FAQ About Prime Contractors

What is the concept of prime contracting and how does it differ from a project owner?

The project owner sponsors the project—they finance the project and define the overall goals. Whereas, the prime contractor is the project’s manager, responsible for implementing on-site construction and achieving the project owner’s set goals. 

When does a worksite mandate a prime contractor?

A prime contractor is often indispensable during large-scale projects or those involving several different trades. For example, during the construction of public buildings or complex industrial structures, a prime contractor is essential for guaranteeing that the project meets all safety and quality standards.

How to become a prime government contractor?

To become a prime government contractor, you must first gain field experience and expertise and obtain the necessary licences and certifications. Next, establish and register your business and acquire insurance. Once you've completed these steps, you can go ahead and bid on projects and government contracts. Building a strong industry-specific reputation as a reliable and skilled contractor will help you secure your career in managing government construction contracts effectively.